FPGA Workshop

Main Topics

1) Introduction to digital logic & design
2) Verilog HDL modeling & testing
3) FPGA's & using them.

We will be taking an approach of reviewing & learning digital design, implementing designs and methods of formally simulating and verifying designs before moving into FPGA oriented work. This workshop will be more engineering oriented than hobbyist/tinkerer oriented.

Hardware

We'll be covering some FPGA specific topics and projects using real hardware. The first half of the workshop will cover logic design, implementation and testing. This will allow people to put off ordering any hardware until they know that they actually want to pursue FPGA development, since the dev board I've chosen for this is not cheap but I feel is robust enough to be a good starting board for this group.

The hardware we'll be using is the Xilinx Spartan 3AN development kit. This kit is available from a few vendors for 199USD + shipping. This will be discussed more later on. The kit includes programming cable, and evaluation copies of some of the Xilinx tools."

Tools

Verilog Simulation and Waveform Viewing

Icarus verilog & gtkwave; for doing Verilog compilation, simulation and waveform viewing. A makefile has been made to simplify the flow for any exercises and projects we use these tools with. That makefile can be found here.

FPGA Toolchain

After we finish up with covering Verilog modeling, we'll move to the Xilinx ISE Webpack tools and actual work with FPGAs. This software is available from Xilinx for free, and is available for Windows and Linux platforms. This will be used for Verilog compilation, simulation, synthesis of designs, design mapping, place and routing of designs, bitstream generation and board programming.

Direct Installation (Ubuntu version)

--- Gtkwave ---

gtkwave is good in the Universe repository. If you've already got that linked in your /etc/apt/sources.list file, then installation is as simple as:

 sudo apt-get install gtkwave

--- Compiling icarus verilog ---

Icarus verilog, on the other hand, is buggy in the Jaunty repository. So you'll want to compile it by hand.

• Fetch the .tar.gz file:

 wget ftp://ftp.icarus.com/pub/eda/verilog/snapshots/verilog-20090923.tar.gz
 tar xvzf verilog-20090923.tar.gz
 cd verilog-20090923

• Make sure you have the necessary compile tools:

 sudo apt-get install build-essential flex bison g++

• Compile and install:

 ./configure 
 make
 sudo make install   

• Go get a cup of tea after you type "make", because compiling takes a while. But when you get back, you should be good to go. Copy William's makefile into your code directory and get to work. Now you have your usual development tools at your fingertips. (Emacs and Gedit have sweet colorization modes for verilog.)

Virtual Machine

An OpenSuse Virtual Machine (VMWare based) will be available for people to use in this course, if they wish. This will have the icarus verilog tools and GTKwave loaded on it, along with Firefox, gcc and make. The suseStudio team has encouraged the use of their VMs in such a manner (teaching workshops). This is being built in susestudio, and will be available as a live install as well.
When we move over to the Xilinx tools, people will have to download and install the Xilinx tools by themselves, since that material is copyrighted. Instructions will be given for doing that.

The VMware VM image is ready (ver 0.5.2) for people to grab if they wish. Get it here.

The image also works with VirtualBox. Create a new machine, and when it asks you for a hard drive, select use an existing drive. This takes you to the hard-drives list dialog box. From there, file..create a new drive, link it to the .vmdk file, select it, and you're all set. For the rest, all defaults are ok. (Bother Elliot for hints with VBox.)

There are a few items of note regarding the VM

• Download is approximately 350MB, the tarball is about 1.5GB in size, and the virtual disk will expand up to 20gigs dynamically.
• The download link is a virgin, freshly built VM, so you'll be the first user booting it up since build.
• There are two users, root and workshop. Both have the password 'linux'
• For the user workshop, ~/scripts/ is included in their $PATH
• Also, user workshop has a few small files in ~/resources/ including a simple upcounter design example.
• May need to run the network configuration tools to ensure you get functional networking. I've experienced issues with the VM in suspend mode, switching networks on the host machine, and completely loosing network on the VM until rerunning the network config tools. They can be found poking around in the system settings for yast.
• Currently, the Xilinx Cable Drivers aren't building on the VM (but all the other Xilinx tools work). If someone is a linux guru and wants to try to make it work, contact me at [email protected]. My next attempt is to turn the vm into a live-install and try building the cable drivers on real hardware instead of a VM.
• After loading the Xilinx settings (which will be covered in more detail when those tools are introduced), the current shell can no longer run icarus verilog flows. Start a new shell in order to run icarus verilog.
• Its a fairly minimalist system, with the FOSS tools listed above load, along with firefox, gcc and nano. Use yast or yast2 in order to install any additional packages. example yast2 --install packname
• If the download link stops working, the build has likely expired on the SuseStudio server. Please email [email protected] if the download link no longer works.
• Mad props to the susestudio team for making this possible

Lecture

Lecture/Discussions will mainly be based on content from a pair of courses in MIT's Opencourseware initiative. This content is licensed on the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial Share-alike 3.0 license; as a result, the electronic content generated by the workshop will also need to be made available under the same license. This will allow people to freely access just the discussion slides without watching through videos.

A video archive will be made available for those unable to attend.

List of Lectures

This is currently an incomplete list, additional topics will be added as I solidify them - wgibb

Week	Date	Topics Covered	Exercise	Solutions/Approach
1	October 7th, 2009	Workshop Introduction & Introduction to digital systems and design	Make sure people can run the Virtual Machine or FOSS tools	Lorem Ipsum
2	October 14th, 2009	Boolean Logic, combinatorial circuits and timing	Boolean & Combinatorial Exercises	Exercise Solutions Discussion 2 Exercises Solution notes
3	October 21st, 2009	Introduction to Verilog Coding, focusing on combinatorial circuits	Verilog Coding Modular Full Adder Design and Simulation and ALU extension project	Solutions
4	October 28th, 2009	Make up day		Solutions
4 1/2	November 4th, 2009	Introduction to Sequential Logic and Flip Flops	Audio
5	November 11th, 2009	Digital Arithmetic and adder styles	Implement various adders, static gate delays & modeling their timing effects	Solutions
6	November 18th, 2009	Finite State Machines & You	Modeling of Finite State machines	Solutions
7	November 25th, 2009	Testbenches in Verilog	Practical FSM Exercise, event driven testbench	Solutions
8	December 2nd, 2009	Introduction to FPGAs - History, Capabilities and Features	Load up Xilinx Tools & conversion of past exercises into ISE Projects, time permitting	Solutions
9	December 9th, 2009	Logic Synthesis & Design considerations with FPGAs	Conversion of projects, simulation in iSim	Solutions
10	December 16th, 2009	TBD	TBD	TBD

Videos of Discussions

The videos are mpeg4 video with aac audio

Week	Video Links	Notes
1	Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Part 5 Part 6 Part 7 Part 8	not equal length
2	Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Part 5	Video cuts out at a discussion about Rise and Fall times
3	Part 1 Part 2 Part 3 Part 4 Part 5
4

Workshop requirements

This workshop will be free of charge to attend, but there are additional needs in order to fully benefit from attending the workshop.

• Open mind to learning
• Willingness to read documentation, as the capacity for independent research is important for doing hardware design.
• Willingness to commit time over this fall
• Either ability to run a VMWare virtual machine, the ability to convert the VM for virtualBox, or ability to install the icarus verilog/gtkwave tools on your own. This will likely necessitate a laptop of some sort.
• Xilinx.com account, for licensing Xilinx tools and IP.
• Hardware will NOT be required at the beginning of the course but will be needed later on to run exercises and to do any interesting projects

Workshop Frequently Asked Questions

1. What operating systems will the FPGA toolchain be available on?
   1. The Xilinx ISE Webpack is supported on Windows XP Pro, Windows Vista Business, Redhat Linux and Suse Linux Enterprise. For a detailed list of official OS support, check out the Operating system support page on Xilinx.com. The tools will run on openSuse as well. Feel free to try other linux distros and post your results.
2. What is the cost of the FPGA development board we'll be using?
   1. The retail cost of the development board is typically around 199-220 USD, plus shipping, from a few different vendors. Links for that are here.
3. Will there be homework?
   1. Since this isn't an academic course, there will not be graded homework in the traditional sense. I'll be choosing a few additional exercises that people can do outside of the workshop each week, if they wish, that will further help hone their skills.
4. Will there be extensive C/C++ coding?
   1. C experience is not a prerequisite for this workshop. There will not be any C/C++ coding involved in the workshop directly. There is one project that I've got in mind that may be of interest to people that are proficient in C/C++ and pick up hardware design rather well.

Workshop Mailing List

A HacDC Mailman mailling list has been setup for this workshop. That list is [email protected]. You can subscribe to that list by sending an email to [email protected] with the subject line "subscribe" or click the mailto link [email protected]?Subject=subscribe and let your email application handle it...

Workshop Instructor

William Gibb, mad scientist. For contacting him regarding the workshop, please email [email protected].

References

Grateful Dead Trees Reference

Fundamentals of Digital Logic with Verilog Design by Brown and Vranesic
Verilog Quickstart: A Practical Guide to Simulation and Synthesis in Verilog by Lee
FPGA Prototyping using Verilog Examples by Chu.

These texts will not be required for the course, but are very good launching points for the topics that we are covering.

Online References

FPGA Vendors

Xilinx
Altera
Actel
Atmel FPGA
Silicon Blue
Lattice Semiconductor
Achronix

Course Resources

Icaurus Verilog
GTKWave
Xilinx Design Tools
Xilinx Documentation
VMware Player - Free download for Windows and Linux
SUSE Studio SLED/OpenSUSE build service. Make VMs, live installs, all customized

Spartan 3AN Starter Kit

Spartan 3AN Starter Kit
AVNet Spartan 3AN Starter Kit sales page
NuHorizons - Xilinx Vendor Do a search for HW-SPAR3AN-SK-UNI-G
Digi-key Spartan 3AN Starter Kit Sales page
Probably also at other suppliers.

Group Order Participants

• Daniel (obscurite on #hacdc on freenode)
• Alden
• Dan Barlow
• Navid
• Matt Liggett
• Maitland Bottoms
• Ben Peizik ([email protected])
• Martin
• Rob Seastrom ([email protected])
• Phillip Stewart
• Tim F ([email protected])
• Nick
• Brian (bpbri [at] hotmail.com)
• Elliot

MIT OpenCourseWare links

MIT OCW Terms of Use
OCW site for 6.004 - Computation Structures
OCW site for 6.111 Introductory Digital Systems, 2006

General Resources

Open Circuit Design Open Source design tools
Doulos Digital Design Resources Good learning and design references
ASIC World Good learning references
Play Hookey Digital Design Good learning references FPGA4Fun Lots of available IP
Companion website for Professor Pong Chu's Verilog Book
OpenCores Very good repository for IP. Also the home to the OpenRISC System on Chip project
[1] Bucknell Handbook on Verilog HDL (Martin found this)